Table 2 Psychopathology and socioeconomic-, psychosocial-, and perceived stress of the extreme group mothers (all data: mean ± SD or percentage)
From: New-born females show higher stress- and genotype-independent methylation of SLC6A4 than males
| Variable | High prenatal ELS (n = 45) | Low prenatal ELS (n = 45) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal psychopathology | |||
| EPDS Score1 | 12.33 ± 4.70 | 1.27 ± 1.45 | 0.000 |
| STAI-S Score1 | 51.72 ± 8.05 | 27.41 ± 3.87 | 0.000 |
| STAI-T Score1 | 47.93 ± 8.41 | 28.04 ± 3.58 | 0.000 |
| ASQ Score1 | 4.11 ± 2.14 | 0.53 ± 0.72 | 0.000 |
| M.I.N.I. Diagnosis2 | |||
| None | 51.1% | 91.1% | 0.004 |
| Depressive disorder | 40% | 6.7% | 0.015 |
| Anxiety disorder | 8.9% | 2.2% | ns |
| Current psychiatric disorder2 | |||
| None | 62.2% | 97.8% | 0.005 |
| Depressive disorder | 26.7% | 0% | 0.015 |
| Anxiety disorder | 11% | 2.2% | ns |
| Perceived stress | |||
| PSS Score1 | 30.84 ± 5.64 | 12.84 ± 4.1 | 0.000 |
| PDQ Score1 | 19.95 ± 7.56 | 5.95 ± 2.95 | 0.000 |
| Socioeconomic and psychosocial stress | |||
| LES-negative events Score1 | 6.75 ± 4.39 | 1.80 ± 1.29 | 0.010 |
| Soz-U Score1 | 39.58 ± 3.85 | 51.89 ± 4.32 | 0.000 |
| Living without a partner2 | 20% | 0% | 0.004 |
| Encouragement (Partner)2 | 73.3% | 100% | ns |
| Separation(s) in the last year2 | 24.4% | 2.2% | 0.002 |
| Daily arguments2 | 11.1% | 2.2% | ns |
| Physical conflicts within the preceding 12 months2 | 33.3% | 2.2% | 0.003 |
| Composition of household > one person/room2 | 40.5% | 0% | 0.001 |
| No academic qualification2 | 4.4% | 2.2% | 0.050 |
| No professional education2 | 17.7% | 2.2% | 0.043 |
| Monthly income per household ≤ 1,750 Euro2 | 42.2% | 0% | 0.001 |
| Debt2 | 24.4% | 2.2% | 0.002 |